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An aid to recovery in convalescing cats and dogs
Conval-S40, L-Carnitine - an aid to convalescence. 250ml syrup, 400mg/ml **CURRENTLY OUT OF STOCK**
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Vetscriptions Price: £59.85
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L-carnitine is small peptide that is essential in all animals for the production of energy.
The natural source of L-carnitine is fresh meat and milk, however manufactured pet foods frequently contain less than 5% of the L-carnitine of fresh meat. With the vast majority of pets being fed on manufactured diets, supplies of L-carnitine in the diet are often insufficient.
Synthesis in the body occurs, mostly in the liver, however skeletal and heart muscles, which use 95-98% of the supplies, cannot synthesise their own L-carnitine and this explains why deficiency most commonly occurs in these tissues. The dog in particular, is a species predisposed to a deficiency of L-carnitine. This is because there is a high level of L-carnitine excretion via the urine and very little re-absorption through the renal tubules.
Heart and Liver Disease
Conval-S is most commonly used in dogs diagnosed with certain types of heart disease(dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in those with the muscle wasting disorder, Canine Degenerative Radiculo Myopathy (CDRM) and in animals with Hepatic Lipidosis (Fatty Liver Syndrome) this occurs most commonly in convalescing animals.
This is because convalescence is accompanied by an increase in energy requirement due to a circa 10 day period of increased metabolism. At the same time, stress causes massive mobilisation of fat reserves.
L-Carnitine enhances the energy value of circulating fatty acids by ensuring their passage at the cellular level into the mitochondria (micro-bodies contained in every living cell which generate energy), where they are oxidised to give ATP; the chemical of energy. In this way L-carnitine permits the best response to this increase in energy requirement.
In cats with weight loss and inappetance and those in states of stress the fat reserves are massively mobilised and tend to accumulate in the liver. L-carnitine limits this phenomenon and stimulates the oxidation of these fatty acids. Conval-S is particularly useful in hospitalised cats which will not eat.
The recommended application rate is 50 to 100mg/kg (1-2mls/8kg)L-carnitine for 10 to 20 days.
How Carnitine Increases Energy
Step 1 Free fatty acids penetrate the cell and are changed into AcylCoA by acyl-CoA-synthesase of the external mitochondrial membrane).
Step 2 Acyl CoA is too large a molecule to cross the mitochondrial membrane so it is transformed into acylcarnitine by the enzyme acyl-carnitine-transferase-1 (ACT1).
Step 3 Acyl carnitine is transported across the internal mitochondrial membrane by the enzyme carnitine-translocase.
Step 4 Acyl carnitine is reconverted into Acyl CoA by acyl-carnitine- transferase-2 (ACT2)
Step 5 Inside the mitochondrion, Acyl CoA is converted to Acetyl CoA by beta oxidation. Acetyl CoA enters the krebs cycle which produces readily utilisable energy in the form of ATP.
Conval-S is L-carnitine
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Only the L form is biologically active.
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Muscle and heart tissues are vulnerable to carnitine deficit.
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Carnitine is essential for the metabolism of fatty acids.
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Dogs are predisposed to L-carnitine deficiency.
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Palatable syrup : Taken spontaneously by convalescing animals.
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Graduated applicator for simple, accurate administration.
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60 ml bottle sufficient for a 25kg dog for 10 days.
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CONVAL-S TECHNICAL BULLETIN
Summary Of Studies Using L-carnitine As A Nutritional Aid In The Management of Cardiac Disease •
Pepine Clin Ther 1991 13(1) 2-21
The therapeutic Potential of L-carnitine in Cardiovascular disorders
Clinical evidence indicates that L-carnitine may have a role in the management of a number of cardiovascular disorders. L-carnitine supplementation reverses cardiomyopathy in cases of systemic L-carnitine deficiency. L-carnitine has a role in the management of chronic and acute ischemic syndromes. Peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias and anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity may benefit from L-carnitine administration.
Keene J Vet Intern Med 1989 3 126
Myocardial L-carnitine deficiency associated with dilated cardiomyopathy in Doberman Pinschers
“The mean survival of Dobermans with myocardial L-carnitine deficiency treated with L-carnitine in addition to conventional pharmacotherapy was substantially longer than the average survival that has been reported in the veterinary literature for this breed.”
Keene Small Animal Practice 21 1005-1009
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