Ear Infections in Dogs: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

Ear infections are a common problem in dogs and can quickly become very uncomfortable if left untreated. Many owners first notice their dog shaking their head, scratching at one ear, or seeming more sensitive than usual when their head is touched. While some ear problems may look minor at first, they can worsen quite quickly and may need veterinary treatment.

In this guide, we explain the common causes of dog ear infections, the signs to look out for, how they are treated, and how to care for your dog’s ears safely at home. We also cover when prescription ear products may be needed and how we can help you order them through Vetscriptions.

This article is intended for general guidance only and should not replace professional veterinary advice. If your pet is unwell or showing concerning symptoms, please contact your veterinary surgeon.

What is an ear infection in dogs?

An ear infection happens when the ear canal becomes inflamed, irritated, and infected by bacteria, yeast, or sometimes other organisms. Vets may call this otitis externa, which simply means inflammation of the outer ear canal.

Dogs have long ear canals, and this shape can make it easier for moisture, wax, debris, and infection to build up. Some dogs are more prone to repeat ear infections than others, especially if an underlying issue is not identified and managed.

Common symptoms of ear infections in dogs

The signs can vary depending on how severe the infection is, but common symptoms include:

• Head shaking
• Scratching or rubbing at the ears
• Redness inside the ear flap or canal
• An unpleasant smell from the ear
• Brown, yellow, or pus-like discharge
• Sensitivity when the ear is touched
• Swelling or warmth around the ear
• Tilting the head to one side
• Changes in behaviour, such as irritability or restlessness

In more severe cases, dogs may seem off colour, yelp in pain, or lose their balance. These signs need prompt veterinary attention.

What causes ear infections in dogs?

There is often more than one reason for an ear infection. The infection itself may be caused by bacteria or yeast, but there is often an underlying trigger that makes the ear unhealthy in the first place.

Allergies

Skin allergies are one of the most common reasons for recurring ear infections in dogs. Dogs with food sensitivities or environmental allergies often develop inflamed ears alongside itchy skin, paw licking, or repeated skin flare-ups. If your dog has ongoing ear trouble, your vet may want to investigate allergies further. Owners dealing with wider skin issues may also find it helpful to explore our dog skin and coat products and dog allergy range where appropriate.

Moisture in the ears

Dogs that swim regularly or are bathed often can be more prone to ear problems. Moisture creates a warm environment where yeast and bacteria can thrive.

Ear mites or parasites

Parasites are less common in adult dogs than some other causes, but they can still lead to irritation and infection. Keeping up with routine parasite prevention is important, and you can browse our dog flea and worming products if your vet recommends ongoing preventative care.

Wax build-up, hair or debris

Some dogs naturally produce more wax than others. Hairy ear canals, grass seeds, and trapped debris can also irritate the ear and increase the risk of infection.

Ear shape and breed tendency

Dogs with floppy ears, narrow ear canals, or lots of hair inside the ear may be more likely to develop ear infections. This includes breeds such as Cocker Spaniels, Basset Hounds, and Poodles.

When should you contact your vet?

You should contact your veterinary surgeon if your dog has signs of an ear infection, especially if the symptoms are new, worsening, or causing obvious discomfort. Ear problems can look similar from the outside, but treatment depends on the cause. For example, a yeast infection may need different treatment from a bacterial infection, and a damaged eardrum can affect which ear drops are safe to use.

It is particularly important to seek veterinary advice if:

• Your dog seems painful or distressed
• There is a strong smell or thick discharge
• Your dog has repeat ear infections
• The ear looks swollen or closed over
• Your dog is tilting their head or losing balance
• Symptoms are not improving

Never use leftover ear medication from a previous infection unless your vet has specifically told you to do so. Using the wrong product can delay proper treatment and may even make the problem worse.

How are dog ear infections diagnosed?

Your vet will usually examine the ear with an otoscope, which is a light used to look down the ear canal. They may also take a sample of discharge and examine it under a microscope to check for bacteria, yeast, mites, or inflammatory cells.

This helps your vet choose the most suitable treatment and decide whether there may be an underlying cause that also needs attention.

Treatment options for ear infections in dogs

Treatment depends on what is causing the infection and how severe it is. Many dogs improve well with the right ear treatment, but it is important to use medication exactly as prescribed and complete the full course.

Prescription ear drops

Many ear infections are treated with prescription ear drops that may contain:

• An antibiotic to treat bacteria
• An antifungal to treat yeast
• An anti-inflammatory ingredient to reduce swelling and discomfort

Your vet may prescribe a short course of treatment or a longer-acting product, depending on the case. If your dog has been prescribed medication, we can help you access genuine treatments through our dog prescription products and wider prescription medicines range.

Ear cleaners

Your vet may recommend a medicated or gentle ear cleaner to remove wax and debris before treatment. This can help the medication reach the affected area more effectively. However, not all infected ears should be cleaned in the same way, so it is best to follow your vet’s instructions carefully. You can also browse our dog ear products for ear care items suitable for ongoing maintenance or vet-directed use.

Treating the underlying cause

If the infection keeps returning, your vet may also recommend treatment for the underlying problem, such as allergy management, parasite control, or removing a foreign body from the ear.

Pain relief or additional medication

Some dogs may need extra pain relief or oral medication if the infection is severe. Always give medicines exactly as directed by your vet.

Can you treat a dog ear infection at home?

It is understandable to want to help your dog quickly, but home treatment should be approached with care. Mild waxy ears are not always the same as an active infection, and using the wrong cleaner or ear drops can irritate the ear further.

You should not use human ear products, cotton buds deep in the ear canal, or unapproved home remedies. These can damage the ear or push debris further inside.

If your dog has an ear infection confirmed by your vet, follow their treatment plan closely. If you need help obtaining prescribed medication, our guide on how to order a prescription medicine explains the process clearly, and our prescription FAQs may also be useful.

How to help prevent ear infections in dogs

Not every ear infection can be prevented, but good routine care can reduce the risk, especially in dogs that are prone to recurring problems.

• Check your dog’s ears regularly for redness, smell, or discharge
• Dry the ears gently after swimming or bathing if your vet advises it
• Use ear cleaners only as recommended by your vet
• Keep on top of parasite prevention
• Manage underlying allergies or skin disease
• Attend follow-up checks if your vet recommends them

If your dog often has itchy skin, digestive sensitivity, or environmental flare-ups alongside ear issues, broader health support may be part of the long-term plan. Some owners also choose to explore our dog supplements or premium supplements as part of general wellbeing support, where these are appropriate for their pet.

Ordering prescription ear treatments from Vetscriptions

At Vetscriptions, we are a trusted UK online veterinary pharmacy founded and operated by vets. We supply genuine pet medicines and healthcare products to help owners access treatment conveniently and responsibly.

If your dog has been prescribed ear medication by your veterinary surgeon, you can order online through us once you have a valid prescription. You may also be asked to complete our animal health form, depending on the product ordered. For practical information about delivery, please see our postage and delivery page.

If you are unsure which product category to browse, our main dog collection is a good place to start, or you can contact us if you need general help with placing an order.

Conclusion

Ear infections in dogs are common, but they should never be ignored. Early signs such as scratching, head shaking, redness, or discharge are your cue to speak to your vet before the problem becomes more painful or difficult to treat. With the right diagnosis, appropriate medication, and good follow-up care, most dogs recover well.

At Vetscriptions, we are here to help you order prescribed ear treatments responsibly and access trusted pet healthcare products with confidence. If your dog is showing signs of an ear infection, contact your veterinary surgeon for advice. If a prescription is recommended, you can browse our dog ear care range, explore our prescription products for dogs, or learn more about us and how we support UK pet owners.

From all of us at Vetscriptions, we are committed to helping you make informed, responsible choices for your dog’s health and wellbeing.